> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://magdalenaolak.gitbook.io/istqb-foundation-level/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://magdalenaolak.gitbook.io/istqb-foundation-level/4-test-techniques.md).

# 4 Test Techniques

330 minutes

### Keywords 

black-box test technique, boundary value analysis, checklist-based testing, coverage, decision coverage, decision table testing, error guessing, equivalence partitioning, experience-based test technique, exploratory testing, state transition testing, statement coverage, test technique, use case testing, whitebox test technique 

### Learning Objectives for Test Techniques 

#### 4.1 Categories of Test Techniques 

* FL-4.1.1 (K2) Explain the characteristics, commonalities, and differences between black-box test techniques, white-box test techniques, and experience-based test techniques 

#### 4.2 Black-box Test Techniques 

* FL-4.2.1 (K3) Apply equivalence partitioning to derive test cases from given requirements 
* FL-4.2.2 (K3) Apply boundary value analysis to derive test cases from given requirements 
* FL-4.2.3 (K3) Apply decision table testing to derive test cases from given requirements 
* FL-4.2.4 (K3) Apply state transition testing to derive test cases from given requirements 
* FL-4.2.5 (K2) Explain how to derive test cases from a use case 

#### 4.3 White-box Test Techniques 

* FL-4.3.1 (K2) Explain statement coverage 
* FL-4.3.2 (K2) Explain decision coverage 
* FL-4.3.3 (K2) Explain the value of statement and decision coverage 

#### 4.4 Experience-based Test Techniques 

* FL-4.4.1 (K2) Explain error guessing 
* FL-4.4.2 (K2) Explain exploratory testing 
* FL-4.4.3 (K2) Explain checklist-based testing